Green tea and hyaluronic acid gel enhance fibroblast activation and improves the gingival healing post-third molar extraction.

This study evaluates the effects of a green tea (Camellia sinensis) and hyaluronic acid gel on fibroblast activity and alveolar bone repair following third molar extractions. By examining the gene expression related to cell survival, proliferation, and angiogenesis, the study bridges in vitro findings with clinical outcomes in a split-mouth randomized trial. Human fibroblasts were exposed to the treatment gel, analysing gene expression through RT-qPCR. Twenty participants undergoing bilateral third molar extractions received the test gel on one side and a placebo on the other. Assessments included patient-reported outcomes, professional evaluations, and radiographic analyses at multiple postoperative intervals. The test gel significantly enhanced AKT, CDKs, and VEGF gene expressions, indicating a positive effect on angiogenesis and cell proliferation. Clinically, it resulted in reduced exudate, swelling, and secondary interventions, with radiographs showing improved alveolar bone density after 90 days. The green tea and hyaluronic acid gel significantly improves soft tissue and bone healing post-extraction, offering a promising adjunctive therapy for enhancing postoperative recovery. This gel represents a novel adjuvant treatment option for facilitating improved healing outcomes after third molar extractions, highlighting its potential utility in clinical dental practice.

Comparison of different dual-wavelength photobiomodulation protocols application in third molar extractions. A split-mouth randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the use of PBMT in the soft tissue and bone healing after third molar extraction using the dual-wavelength laser directly into the post-extraction alveoli (PBMT-I), or PBMT with a red laser directly into the alveoli and with an infrared laser externally on the patient's face (PBMT-IE). METHODS: Twenty patients underwent extraction of four third molars were involved in this split-mouth double-blind randomized controlled trial. The Post-extraction alveoli were treated with the following protocols: PBMT-IE: Application of a red laser directly into the alveolus, and infrared laser irradiation transcutaneously and PBMT-I: Application of dual-wavelength laser intraorally. Patients were clinically evaluated 3, 7, 14, 30, and 90 days after the surgical procedure. The analyses in this study were divided into qualitative (centered on the patient's report and on the evaluators' analysis), and quantitative analyses (measurement of the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the face with the objective of measuring post-surgical edema and radiographic analyses for evaluation of the density and structure of the newly formed bone). RESULTS: A progressive improvement was observed in all parameters evaluated in this study, however, this improvement was time dependent, with no distinct effect observed between the PBMT treatments applied. CONCLUSION: The different dual-wavelength PBMT protocols induced a similar postoperative clinical course in third molar extraction surgeries, with a reduced occurrence of complications and a good healing pattern of hard and soft tissues.

Survival analysis of dental implants placed in horizontally severely resorbed maxillae after reconstruction with xenogeneic graft: a case series.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the survival rates of dental implants with a hybrid macrostructure and the surface biomimetically coated with nanohydroxyapatite, placed in horizontally atrophic maxillae previously submitted to the guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedure, associated with the use of a deproteinized bovine bone graft (DBB). METHODS: Twenty-five patients who received 196 implants were involved in this study. First, these patients were submitted to GBR procedures and maxillary sinus lift, where DBB was used as the grafting material. The dental implants were placed after a minimum period of 6 months of the grafting procedures. The patients were followed up every six months and clinical/radiographic examinations were performed to assess the implants, using the following indicators as a reference: (1) Absence of mobility; (2) Absence of pain. Data about the age, surgery time, smoking status, implant size, and time between the grafting procedure and implant placement were correlated with implant failures. RESULTS: Twelve implants failed, generating a survival rate of 94.23%. None of the variables analysed correlated with the implant failures. CONCLUSION: Implants with a hybrid macrostructure and surface biomimetically coated with nanohydroxyapatite present good survival rates in horizontally atrophic maxillae grafted with DBB.

Efficacy of analgesia promoted by lidocaine and articaine in third molar extraction surgery. A split-mouth, randomized, controlled trial.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of 4% articaine associated with epinephrine (1:100,000), and 2% lidocaine associated with epinephrine (1:100,000) in third molar extraction surgery. METHODS: Sixty patients who underwent surgeries to extract upper and lower third molars were included in this split-mouth, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. The groups in this study were divided according to the anesthetic solution used to provide local anesthesia during extraction of upper and lower third molars: (1) 4% articaine associated with epinephrine (1:100,000); (2) 2% lidocaine associated with epinephrine (1:100,000). The time to the beginning and end of the sensation of analgesia, pain sensation according to the VAS scale, and number of anesthetic tubes necessary for supplementation were analyzed. RESULTS: It was found that the onset time for analgesia was shorter on the side anesthetized with articaine compared to the side anesthetized with lidocaine (122.1 ± 52.90 s vs. 144.5 ± 68.85 s) (p < 0.05). In addition, the number of tubes used for anesthetic supplementation was also reduced on the articaine side compared to the lidocaine side (0.26 ± 0.48 vs. 0.50 ± 0.75) (p < 0.05). There were no differences between the anesthetic solutions in the other evaluated parameters. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the use of 4% articaine associated with epinephrine (1:100,000) reduced the time of onset of analgesia and the necessity for anesthetic supplementation in third molar extraction surgeries compared to the use of 2% lidocaine associated with epinephrine (1:100,000).

Advanced platelet-rich-fibrin (A-PRF +) has no additional effect on the healing of post-extraction sockets of upper third molars. A split mouth randomized clinical trial.

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the effects of advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF +) on the healing of upper third molar post-extraction sockets. METHODS: Sixteen patients who underwent extractions of the upper third molars (18 and 28) were included in this randomized split-mouth study. The alveoli on the test side were filled with A-PRF + , while the control side was maintained with blood clot. The side that received treatment was randomly defined. Alveolar bone regeneration was evaluated by CBCT scans to assess healing stage, bone density, and fractal analysis 1 week and 90 days post-extraction. Additionally, pain, edema, bleeding, and soft tissue alveolar repair were evaluated by clinical analyses 3, 7, 14, 30, and 90 days after the surgical procedure using a visual analog scale. RESULTS: There were no clinical differences regarding treatments in any experimental period. In the tomographic evaluation, at 7 days, the alveoli treated with A-PRF + presented a suggestive sign of higher bone density than the control alveoli, which was not confirmed 90 days after the surgical procedure. CONCLUSION: Thus, the use of A-PRF + does not demonstrate a clinical advantage in the repair of post-extraction sockets of upper third molars.

Fresh-frozen allogeneic bone blocks grafts for alveolar ridge augmentation: Biological and clinical aspects.

The possibilities for oral bone regeneration procedures vary depending on the type of bone defect to be treated, which in turn dictate the type of graft to be used. Atrophic alveolar ridges are non-contained defects and pose a challenging defect morphology for bone regeneration/augmentation. Successful results are regularly obtained with the use of particulate grafts in combination with barrier membranes. In cases of very narrow ridges with need of larger amount of bone augmentation, block grafts are often used. Fresh-frozen allogeneic bone block grafts have been proposed as an alternative to autogenous (AT) bone blocks. Based on a systematic appraisal of pre-clinical in vivo studies and clinical trials including a direct comparison of fresh-frozen bone (FFB) blocks versus AT bone blocks it can be concluded that a FFB block graft: (a) cannot be considered as a reliable replacement of a AT bone block, and (b) should only be considered in cases where the amount of necessary augmentation-in a lateral direction-is relatively limited, so that the main portion of the body of the implant lies within the inner (i.e., the vital) aspect of the block.

Hookah Smoking among Brazilian University Students: An Exploratory Survey on the Prevalence and Perceptions of Addiction and its Harmfulness.

Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence, beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions of hookah use in a population of undergraduate students at a large public university in Brazil. Methods: The sample consisted of 1348 undergraduate students aged over 18-year-old. They completed structured questionnaires on demographic information and close-ended questions on the past and current experiences of smoking hookah. The data underwent descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression. Findings: Finally, 1298 valid survey forms were obtained from printed and digital questionnaires. More than half (53.9%) of participants reported having tried hookah at least once, however, only 10.8% reported they had experienced it within the last 30 days. The majority of the studied population presented acceptable beliefs about the harmfulness and addictive capacity of hookah smoking. However, when comparing the perceptions of those who had smoked and those who had never smoked hookah, and also, the perceptions of users and non-users, significant differences were observed. Students who were users or had already tried hookah showed a tendency to underestimate the deleterious effects of this type of smoking. Conclusion: It could be concluded that hookah smoking was common among Brazilian university students. In addition, preoccupying misperceptions of hookah's harmfulness and addictive capacity were found. The results showed that the epidemic of hookah smoking, especially among young people, has spread far beyond the Arab world and the Persians. Accordingly, preventive measures must be taken if this population is to be protected from addiction and other serious health problems.

Digital Smile Design and mock-up technique in esthetic crown lengthening: 2-year follow-up of six cases.

The present case series aimed to evaluate the use of a Digital Smile Design (DSD) and mock-up technique for esthetic crown lengthening (ECL) surgery in six clinical cases with a 2-year follow-up. Six nonsmoker patients (five females, one male; aged 22 to 32 years), periodontally and systemically healthy, with inadequate tooth width/height ratio proportions associated with a gingival misalignment in the anterior maxilla were included. The DSDs were created using PowerPoint for all patients to evaluate gingival level and tooth form/contour. A wax-up and mock-up were created based on the DSD measurements. ECL surgeries were performed in all cases using the mock-up technique to determine the final gingival margin position and the amount of bone resection needed. A mock-up to bone crest distance of 3 mm was obtained in all cases. Using patient photographs, comparisons were made between the dental crown length (DCL) measurements obtained before the surgical procedure (baseline; T0), on the DSD template immediately postoperatively (IPO; T1), and at the 2-year follow-up (T2). A DCL augmentation of 1.16 ± 0.68 mm was obtained at T1, with an augmentation of 1.03 ± 0.73 mm at T2. Moreover, a minimal difference of 0.34 ± 0.74 mm between the DCL planned in the DSD template and the DCL obtained IPO was observed. In conclusion, the ECL procedure based on the DSD concept and mock-up technique proposed in this cases series was a predictable protocol for smile disharmony treatment in all the patients.

Effect of the association of infra-red and red wavelength photobiomodulation therapy on the healing of post-extraction sockets of third lower molars: a split-mouth randomized clinical trial.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with the association of red and infra-red laser therapy in the healing of the post-extraction sockets of third lower molars. Twenty patients were submitted to extraction of lower third molars and the post-extraction sockets were treated using two different approaches in a randomized split-mouth design: The test side received the PBMT with red (λ 660 nm) and infra-red laser therapy (λ 808 nm) and the control side was not irradiated. The PBMT was applied immediately and 3 and 7 days after the surgical procedure. Post-extraction socket healing was assessed by the bone repair score, bone density, and fractal dimension analysis 7 and 90 days after the surgical procedure, using cone-beam computed tomography images. Additionally, clinical analyses were performed 3, 7, 14, 30, and 90 days after the surgical procedure, considering the occurrence of pain, edema, and bleeding, as well as the quality of the oral mucosa repair, assessed using a visual analogue scale. The clinical analysis showed that PBMT reduced edema and improved the repair of oral mucosa at 7 days after surgery, while the tomographic analysis showed no significant differences between groups. Dual-wavelength PBMT improved the post-operative clinical course in patients undergoing lower third molar extraction, without altering bone repair.

Osseointegration of different implant surfaces in areas grafted with deproteinized bovine bone associated or not with fresh bone marrow-Preclinical study in rabbits.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the influence of two different implant surfaces on osseointegration in maxillary sinuses of rabbits previously grafted with deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) associated or not with fresh bone marrow (BM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixteen New Zealand albino rabbits (males, 3.5/4.5 kg and 9-12 months old) were randomly divided into two groups with 8 rabbits each, according to the type of association of biomaterials used to fill the animals' maxillary sinuses: DBB (Deproteinized Bovine Bone) and DBB/BM (Deproteinized bovine bone associated with fresh autologous bone marrow). Ninety (90) days following the grafting procedure, the animals received implants in the area with two different microstructures (SA-Sandblasting + acid attack and SA-H-Sandblasting + acid attack + immersion in 0.9% sodium chloride isotonic solution). All rabbits were euthanized 90 days after implant placement. The microtomographic analysis was performed to verify the number of mineralized tissues around the implants throughout their length (%BV/TV), while the histomorphometric analysis was performed to verify the percentage of bone-implant contact around the implants throughout their length (%BIC). RESULTS: We observed no differences in the quantity for %BV/TV (DBB-SA:33.25 ± 19.67; DBB-SA-H:35.15 ± 22.17; DBB/BM-SA:39.71 ± 24.21; DBB/BM-SA-H:36.40 ± 23.07) and %BIC (DBB-SA:58.94 ± 24.37; DBB-SA-H:52.52 ± 24.36; DBB/BM-SA: 61.66 ± 14.60; DBB/BM-SA-H: 64.06 ± 23.30) between the groups assessed. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of BM and the type of surface did not influence the osseointegration of implants installed in areas grafted with sintered deproteinized bovine bone at high temperatures in the late period assessed.

Remodelling of sinus bone grafts according to the distance from the native bone: A histomorphometric analysis.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate graft remodelling according to the distance from the native bone in maxillary sinuses grafted with anorganic bovine bone (ABB). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bilateral sinus grafting was performed in twenty patients with residual bone height <5 mm before implant placement. After 8 months, biopsy samples were harvested, and histomorphometric analysis was performed to examine bone formation according to the distance (in mm) from the native bone (sinus floor). In the grafted area, the percentages of new bone (NB), residual graft material (rABB), and soft tissue (ST) were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 103 biopsy samples were evaluated, and the percentages of NB, rABB, and ST were 31.62 ± 9.85%, 18.94 ± 7.88%, and 49.41 ± 9.52%, respectively, in the 1st mm; 27.15 ± 9.83%, 23.33 ± 9.45%, and 49.53 ± 11.73%, respectively, in the 2nd mm; 23.61 ± 13.02%, 21.35 ± 11.08%, and 55.03 ± 16.14%, respectively, in the 3rd mm; and 21.67 ± 12.29%, 19.67 ± 10.28%, and 58.66 ± 12.46%, respectively, in the 4th mm. The 1st millimetre of the grafted area (closer to the native bone) presented a larger amount of NB than the other portions of the grafted areas and a smaller amount of rABB than the 2nd mm of the grafted area (p < .05). The amount of ST was larger in the 3rd and 4th mm of the grafted area than in the first 2 millimetres (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The distance from the native bone influences bone formation following maxillary sinus augmentation.

Minimally Invasive Surgery for Clinical Crown Lengthening Using Piezoelectric Ultrasound.

This case report is aimed at describing a flapless, minimally invasive clinical crown lengthening with an osteotomy performed using a piezoelectric ultrasound. A female patient complained about the amount of gum that was exposed when she smiled, which caused aesthetic discomfort. After a clinical examination, it was confirmed that the patient had excessive gum exposure in the upper arch of the dental region for teeth 14 to 24 when she smiled. The tomographic exam showed that bone tissue was at the level of the enamel-cementum junction, and gingival tissue covered a part of the anatomic crown. Virtual analysis using digital smile design (DSD) demonstrated that enlarging the clinical crowns would provide better aesthetics. The excess gingival tissue was removed from the gingival margin region with the aid of a mockup without interference to the interdental papillae. Then, osteotomy was performed using piezoelectric ultrasound until there was a 2.5 mm distance from the top of the bone crest to the new gingival margin. In the postoperative period, good repositioning of the gingival margin, absence of postoperative complications, and rapid healing of the gingival tissue were verified. After 6 months, a good aesthetic outcome was observed with stability in the level of the periodontal tissues obtained via the crown-lengthening technique. It can be concluded that the minimally invasive clinical crown-lengthening technique was effective in repositioning the gingival margin with no postoperative complications.

Esthetic crown lengthening in the treatment of gummy smile.

The aim of this article was to evaluate 1 year after surgery a surgical protocol that included gingivectomy and an apically positioned flap plus osseous resective surgery to correct excessive gingival display (EGD) in patients with altered passive eruption (APE) of the maxillary anterior teeth. Six female patients aged 18 to 22 years were diagnosed with APE type 1B. Surgical crown lengthening with flap surgery and bone recontouring was performed to achieve the biologic width. Photographic images were analyzed to evaluate the stable improvement of crown length before the procedure (baseline), immediately after surgery (immediate postoperative), and at 3 and 12 months postsurgery. Moreover, a lip repositioning procedure was also performed in one case to complement the periodontal therapy. Compared with baseline, an increase of 1.6 mm in the mean tooth crown height was observed in the photographic analysis at 12 months. A minimal difference was observed between the mean tooth crown height immediate postoperative and at 12 months, which indicates stability of the gingival margin. In conclusion, the surgical protocol outlined in this article describing esthetic crown lengthening for the treatment of APE/gummy smile resulted in predictable outcomes and stability of the gingival margin 1 year after surgery.

Effects of an Er,Cr:YSGG Laser on Bone Regeneration in Critical-Sized Calvarial Defects of Rats Exposed to Inhalation of Cigarette Smoke.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser on healing of critical-sized calvarial defects (CSDs) in rats submitted to inhalation of cigarette smoke. Background: Smoking has been implicated with the delay in the bone healing after osteotomy procedures, then the use of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser for osteotomy in smokers could be an alternative to the conventional drills. Methods: One hundred animals were randomly allocated into four groups: trephine-the CSDs were made with a trephine drill in healthy rats; Er,Cr:YSGG-the CSDs were made with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser in healthy rats; Trephine-S-the CSDs were made with a trephine drill in rats exposed to cigarette smoke; and Er,Cr:YSGG-S-the CSDs were made with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser in rats exposed to cigarette smoke. The inhalation of cigarette smoke started 7 days before the surgical procedure until euthanasia (immediately, 7, 15, 30, or 60 days after the surgical procedure). A histometric analysis and a histological description were performed to evaluate (1) the residual linear lengths and bone formation in the CSDs; (2) the quality of bone healing. Results: The use of Er,Cr:YSGG laser induces more bone formation compared with the trephine in smokers; however, the closure of the CSD was only superior in the Er,Cr:YSGG-S group compared to the Trephine-S group at the 60-day period. Conclusions: The use of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser stimulated the bone repair process after osteotomy procedures in animals submitted to exposure of inhalation of cigarette smoke.

Analysis of Linear and Angular Deviations of Implants Installed With a Tomographic-Guided Surgery Technique: A Prospective Cohort Study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the linear and angular deviations of the implants installed by the computerized tomography (CT)-guided surgery technique. Eighteen patients who underwent implant insertion by means of CT-guided surgery participated in this study. Ten of these patients had a fully edentulous maxilla, and 8 had a fully edentulous mandible. The patients received a total of 115 implants, of which 81 implants were installed in the maxilla and 34 installed in the mandible. Tomographic guides were made for tomographic examination in both the upper and lower jaws. After the image acquisition, the virtual planning of the positioning of the implants was performed in relation to the previously made prosthesis. The measurement of the linear and angular deviations between the virtual planning and the final position of the implants was performed with the overlap of the planning and postoperative tomography. There were no differences in the linear and angular deviations of the implants installed in the maxilla and mandible. Compared with the coronal region, there was a trend of greater linear deviations in the apical regions of the implants and a greater tendency toward deviations in the posterior regions than in the anterior regions of both arches. The CT-guided surgery promoted the installation of implants with high accuracy and allowed the installation of straight pillars in all cases evaluated. The linear deviations were not different in the different regions of the mouth or in the different portions of the implants.

Oral Rehabilitation with Zygomatic Implants in a Patient with Cleft Palate.

Edentulous patients with an atrophic maxilla associated with lip-palate fissures have unpredictable results after undergoing grafting procedures. In situations where the atrophic maxilla does not adequately allow reconstruction, the use of zygomatic implants has been indicated, and probably these implants can be indicated for the rehabilitation of patients with lip-palate fissures. This case report describes the oral rehabilitation treatment of a patient with a lip-palate cleft treated with zygomatic implants and implant-supported fixed prosthesis with two years of follow-up. A 65-year-old female patient had a lip-palate cleft and previously underwent surgery to close the cleft. The patient had a severely atrophic maxilla and had difficulty adapting to a removable total prosthesis. Due to the small amount of bone remaining and extensive fibrous tissue in the palate region, a rehabilitation with conventional implants associated with zygomatic implants was chosen. Two zygomatic implants and a conventional implant were placed on the right side, and a zygomatic implant and conventional implant were placed on the left side; these implants were later activated by a protocol-type prosthesis. The zygomatic implants provided an adequate aesthetic and functional outcome of the prosthesis in a patient with cleft palate.

Evaluation of bone turnover after bisphosphonate withdrawal and its influence on implant osseointegration: an in vivo study in rats.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate bone turnover alterations after alendronate (ALD) withdrawal and its influence on dental implants osseointegration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy female Wistar rats were randomly divided in 2 groups that received on day 0 either placebo (control group-CTL; n = 10) or 1 mg/kg sodium alendronate (ALD; n = 60) once a week for 4 months. At day 120, ALD treatment was suspended for 50 animals. Then, a titanium implant was placed in the left tibia of each rat that were randomly allocated in five subgroups of ten animals each, according to the period of evaluation: day 0 (INT-0), day 7 (INT-7), day 14 (INT-14), day 28 (INT-28), and day 45 (INT-45) after ALD withdrawal. CTL group and a group that received ALD until the end of the experimental period (non-interrupted group-non-INT; n = 10) underwent implant placement on day 120. Animals were euthanized 28 days after implant surgery. Bone mineral density (BMD) of femur and lumbar vertebrae were evaluated by DXA, biochemical markers of bone turnover were analyzed by ELISA, and bone histomorphometry was performed to measure bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO). RESULTS: All groups receiving ALD showed higher BMD values when compared to CTL group, which were maintained after its withdrawal. Decreased concentrations in all bone turnover markers were observed in the non-INT group, and in the groups in which ALD was discontinued compared to the CTL group. The non-INT group showed lower %BIC and notably changes in bone quality, which was persistent after drug withdrawal. CONCLUSION: Collectively, the findings of this study demonstrated that ALD therapy decreased bone turnover and impaired bone quality and quantity around dental implants, and that its discontinuation did not reverse these findings. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The severe suppression of bone turnover caused by the prolonged use of ALD may alter the capacity of bone tissue to integrate with the implant threads impairing the osseointegration process.

Tomographic Evaluation of Prevalence, Position, and Diameter of the Intraosseous Branch of the Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery in Fully Edentulous Individuals.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence, position, and diameter of the intraosseous branch (IObr) of the posterior superior alveolar artery in fully edentulous patients. Two-hundred five computed tomography scans of fully edentulous patients were analyzed. The presence of the IObr was investigated in the coronal plane at the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus. In patients in whom the IObr was detected, the artery diameter was measured, and the distance from the artery to the bone crest of the alveolar ridge, the maxillary sinus floor, and the distance of the maxillary sinus floor to the bone crest of the alveolar ridge were measured as well. A descriptive statistical analysis of these parameters was conducted. The IObr was identified in the maxillary sinus in 105 tomography images (51.2%), and its diameter varied between 0.8 and 3.3 mm (1.29 ±â€Š0.49 mm). The IObr presented with an artery diameter less than 1 mm in 29% of the patients, between 1 and 2 mm diameter in 61% of the patients and with a diameter larger than 2 mm in 10% of patients. Regarding the IObr topography, the distance from the artery to the floor of the maxillary sinus was 9.62 ±â€Š4.59 mm, and the distance from the artery to the top of crestal bone was 15.15 ±â€Š4.47 mm. At least 10% of edentulous patients are at risk of bleeding complications during interventions in the maxillary sinus.

In situ evaluation of basil oil essential oil cytotoxicity ( Ocimum basilicum L. )

Essential oils derived from plants used as condiments represent a large group of natural antimicrobials. Extracts and essential oils from plants have been shown to be efficient in controlling the growth of a wide variety of microorganisms, including filamentous fungi, yeasts and bacteria. Practical uses of these activities are suggested in humans and animals, as well as in the food industry. This study aimed to evaluate the basal basil essential oil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cytotoxicity in NCTC Clone 929 cell line, mouse connective tissue cells (CCIAL 020), which were seeded in Petri dishes and incubated for 48 hours To to form the cell monolayer. For the this test accomplishment of this test, we counted with the collaboration of the Nucleus of Cell Cultures - NCC of the Adolfo Lutz Institute, of the city of São Paulo-SP. The culture medium used is the solid coating medium, and fragments of the samples fragments are were placed on this coating medium and the plates were again incubated for 24 hours. The Biological Reactivity Degree (GR) index, which is the area not stained by the vital dye, is were observed macro and microscopically. Samples were tested in quadruplicates on separate plates. ThusThereunto, the test result showed that the essential oil was cytotoxic in the cell line studied, and that the future work in pharmacology and toxicology needs to be performed to better standardize the therapeutic dose, which is not cytotoxic as the pure oil behaved.o assess the attitude and practice of dental professionals towards using of advance Radiographic technique.

Surgical treatment of cementoblastoma associated with apicoectomy and endodontic therapy: Case report.

This case report describes the surgical removal of cementoblastoma associated with apicoectomy and endodontic therapy. The patient, an 18-year-old man, presented pain in the region of the mandibular body on the right side. On clinical exam, bone expansion was observed in the region at the bottom of the vestibular sulcus, pain on palpation, slight extrusion of tooth 46 with presence of pulp vitality. Radiographic exams demonstrated the presence of a radiopaque area and discrete radiolucent halo associated with the root of tooth 46, suggesting the diagnosis of cementoblastoma. Endodontic treatment of tooth 46 was performed and exeresis of the lesion by apicoectomy. Twelve months after the first surgery, recurrence of the lesion was observed, and a new apicoectomy was necessary, this time up to the middle third of the root. Clinical radiographic control 12 mo after the second surgical intervention demonstrated absence of signs and symptoms, radiographic repair, with tooth 46 shown to be fully functional.